ABSTRACT
Nucleic acid aptamer is an oligonucleotide sequence screened by the exponential enrichment ligand system evolution technology (SELEX). Previous studies have shown that nucleic acid aptamer has a good application prospect in tumor diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, we reviewed the selection and identification of nucleic acid aptamer of lung cancer cells in recent years, and discussed the effect of aptamer as targeting drugs and targeting vectors on the diagnosis of tumors, which provide a new idea for early diagnosis and treatment of tumor.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>INTRODUCTION</b>Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) belongs to a large, heterogeneous group of progressive neurodegenerative diseases characterised by progressive lower extremity weakness and spasticity, which is caused by developmental failure or degeneration of motor axons in the corticospinal tract. Classical genetic studies have identified at least 46 genetic loci responsible for HSP.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A genetic study was conducted on a four-generation Chinese family with autosomal dominant HSP. The SPAST gene was investigated using linkage analysis and direct sequencing. Findings were compared with unaffected family members and 50 normal, unaffected individuals who were matched for geographical ancestry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>We identified a novel 14-bp heterozygous deletion that induced a frameshift mutation in exon 15 of SPAST (SPG4). This mutation is predicted to have functional impact and found to cosegregate with the disease phenotype.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Our results have expanded the mutation spectrum of the SPAST gene. These findings could help clinicians provide prenatal diagnosis of affected foetuses in families with a known history of such neurodegenerative diseases.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Adenosine Triphosphatases , Genetics , China , Exons , Family Health , Frameshift Mutation , Gene Deletion , Genetic Linkage , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Heterozygote , Pedigree , Phenotype , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Spastic Paraplegia, Hereditary , Diagnosis , Genetics , SpastinABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify comparatively several commercial Chinese herbal medicines and their counterfeits.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The micromorphological characters were identified. The shape, surface, section and other characters of the medicinal materials were identified by using anatomical lens and scanning apparatus. Pictures were taken and saved.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Main micromorphological differences between several Chinese herbal medicine including Lonicera macranthoides, L. similis, Cuminum cyminum, Plantago asiatica, Cuscuta chinensis, Sinapis alba, Salvia miltiorrhiza and their counterfeits were identified.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The reference for the authenticity identification of Chinese herbal medicine and helpful experiences for the research of the same subject were provided.</p>